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My farmland consist of brown soil, with lots of rocks. What is the soil composition 300 ft below the surface?
Black and red rocks ranges in size from 1 fist size to 1 foot in diameter. Red rocks are about 15% of all rocks and because the rock is hard and shiny when polished, I would call it Jasper similar to rocks found in Jasper, British Columbia. Water from a 50 ft well is not reddish in color.
From you description, I dont think the soil cover is 300 ft thick there. It is more likely that the soil cover over parent rock is only 10-20 ft deep. But you told us about a 50 ft well - that would give a very clear picture of soil profile there.
The red and brown colour of your soil and rocks are most likely due to leached iron (oxides/hydroxides) from the parent rock. Since this is a very common feature, it is difficult to get an idea about the composition of the parent rock. The rock you call jasper, may well be Jasper. Check its hardness, is it scratching a glass plate easily ? And if you break it, does it break along a conchoidal (curved, glass like) fracture ? If the answers of both these questions are yes, it is likely to be Jasper.
I regret to say, it is practically impossible to get an idea about the composition of rocks and soil of an area just from a description.
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